Understanding
of grammar should be understood prior to the start you want to deepen their
knowledge of grammar english properly. There are several versions of the
grammar meaning of the dictionary in both domestic as well as dictionaries or
literature that comes from abroad.
Understanding
grammar according to wikipedia is "grammar is the set of structural rules
that Govern the composition of clauses, phrases, and words in any given natural
language. The term Refers also to the study of such rules, and this field
includes morphology, syntax, and phonology, Often complemented by phonetics,
semantics, and pragmatics. Linguists do not normally use the term to refer to
orthographical rules, although usage books and style guides that call
Themselves grammars may also refer to spelling and punctuation. "
Translationnya
"Grammar is a set of structural rules that govern the composition of
clauses, phrases, and words in any given natural language. The term refers also
to the study of such rules, and this field includes morphology, syntax, and
phonology, often equipped with phonetic, semantic, and pragmatic. Linguists do
not normally use the term to refer to orthographical rules, although usage
books and style guides that call themselves grammars may also refer to spelling
and punctuation "
"The
definition of Grammar" John Echols dictionary version: Grammar: (kb) 1.
Grammar, 2. Grammar books. While understanding grammar by Oxford learner's
pocket dictionary is: book that describes the rules for forming words and
making sentences.
Grammar
1.
Letter / Alphabet = a or alphabet letters like A, B, C, D, E, F, G and-others
2.
Words = is a collection of letter / alphabet that form / meaning, as an
example: eat, drink, etc.
3.
Phrase = a collection of words, and already has a meaning, but it is not
perfect because it has no subject.
Phrase
in the English language is divided into 4 sections:
1.
Noun + Noun phrase = array noun example: Book Store or Adjective + Noun =
Example: Beautiful Girl
2.
Adjective Phrase = array adverb + adjective example: so happy, very cool
3.
Adverb Phrase = array adverb + adverb example: so well, so fast, very fast,
etc.
4.
Verb phrase = sususan auxilary (tobe) + ordinary (original kt.kerja) = sample
is studying, will follow, etc.
4.
Sentences: an arrangement of words, which have meaning and are perfect for
having a subject.
example:
I study English (I learn English)
Grammar
formula
If
not, let us review the formulas temen2 grammar already learned. Let me add
steady neh grammar knowledge ... :)
1.
Capital formula: S + V1 + O + Capital
example:
I will go to school (I would go to school)
2.
Sentence Order formula: V1 + Object / adverb,
example:
Open the window! (Open the windows!)
3.
Present Simple formula: S + V1 + O
example:
We always play football everyday (We always play ball every day)
4.
Passive Voice formula: S + to be (is, am, are) + V3:
example:
The Ball is bought by me (the ball was purchased by me)
5.
Causative Verbs formula: S + make / have + V1 + O,
example:
They have me study hard (They told me to study hard)
6.
Formulas Conditional Sentence Type 1: if + simple present, simple future,
example
if i have much money, i will go to Bali Island.
7.
Formulas Conditional Sentence Type 2: if + simple past, past futures,
example:
if i had a car, i would give him money (if I had a car, I would give him money)
8.
Formulas Conditional Sentence Type 3: if + past perfect, past perfect future,
example:
if i had had money, i would have bought a house (if I had the money, I would
buy a house)
Examples
of the TOEFL test structure grammar:
From
the marked areas A, B, C and D, identify the one that is wrong, correct it.
1.
(A) Their most favorite hotels is the Hotel Regent. (B) It is near the beach
and (C) is a very cozy hotel. It is (D) not too expensive, too.
2.
I like (A) these kind (B) of hotels too. I do not (C) go for the big, noisy and
(D) expensive sort.
3.
The Amelia Hotel (A) is good as the Radan Hotel, (B) in fact. Actually, I (C)
would rather go to the Amelia. (D) It's closer to the town.
4.
(A) He prefers the (B) Because Hotel Radan (C) he feels the service (D) is more
better.
5.
The Weather Bureau (A) is Announced that the rain (B) will continue for (C)
another 36 hours. People (D) are advised to stay indoors.
6.
Visibility (A) on the roads (B) are very poor. Thus, drivers are advised (C) to
be careful, especially when (D) driving at night.
7.
She was (A) kind enough (B) to give me (C) a lot of advices (D) about how to
pass the driving test.
8.
(A) I told him, "(B) I have not (C) been told (D) these news"
9.
(A) The man was hung as punishment (B) for murdering (C) his five children (D)
and his wife.
10.
(A) I made him (B) to confess that (C) he copied your answer (D) during the
test.
Answers
1. A 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. A 10. B
Error
identification - Extra practice exercises. Decide roomates part of the sentence
is grammatically incorrect. Then look at the answers below.
I
enjoyed study geography at school and now I've enrolled at the Economics
Faculty.
I
used to be keen of all scientific subjects, but now I would prefer to study
art.
I
want meet your sister when she comes to see you - she sounds very nice.
My
friends tell the English exam is quite difficult but I'm not worried.
The
tickets, roomates are extremely good value, can be buy from large supermarkets.
The
number of people roomates asked for the discount was low but grew during the
summer period.
He
always wanted to be a doctor and after doing medicine he now works in a
hospital.
The
informations they gave us was not very helpful so I consulted the website
instead.
There
is not many time, do you think we should get a taxi to the exhibition center?
He
graduated in languages in June and is now thinking of do a second degree in
psychology.
The
policeman Showed us an identikit picture of the man who steals the car.
How
long does it take to get the station on foot from your house
I
was so angry that I took the broken watch to the jewelers to get my money back.
He
rang me this morning for tell me that he had passed his driving test.
I
will not be Able to go on holiday this year unless I will get a part-time job.
It
was so nice that day They decided to have a picnic in the field.
I
have not never seen anybody who rides a horse so well before.
My
boyfriend always takes me to see horror films, but I do not like very much.
We
went to Guatemala last year so we were tired of the usual beach holiday.
I've
gone to Marbella. I remember it well. A busy town with a nice modern promenade
and picturesque 'Piazze'.
ANSWERS
WITH Explanations
I
enjoyed studying ('enjoy' + ing)
keen
on (keen + on = essere appassionato in)
want
to ('want' + to + verb)
tell
me ('tell' + person (me / you / him / her etc); nb. 'say'non รจ seguito dalla
persona)
can
be bought (to be + past participle = passive)
who
(relative pronoun 'who' = people)
always
wanted (frequency adverb goes before the main verb)
the
informations (information = uncountable noun)
much
time ('much' with uncountable nouns, 'many' with countable nouns)
doing
('ing'after a preposition)
stole
(past tense of steal = steal stole stolen)
get
to (preposition Necessary; get to / go to / come to the station, BUT. arrive at
/ reach the station)
broken
watch (adjective before noun)
to
tell me (to + base form = per / a scopo in)
unless
I will get (1 ° conditional = if / unless / when + present)
such
a (such a + noun; so + adjective)
I
have not never (double negative)
l
do not like them ('like' + direct object)
as
(as = siccome; quindi so =)
I've
been to Madrid (use 'been' not 'gone' se sei stato e tornato)
